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Generalized context-free grammar : ウィキペディア英語版
Generalized context-free grammar
Generalized Context-free Grammar (GCFG) is a grammar formalism that expands on context-free grammars by adding potentially non-context free composition functions to rewrite rules. Head grammar (and its weak equivalents) is an instance of such a GCFG which is known to be especially adept at handling a wide variety of non-CF properties of natural language.
==Description==

A GCFG consists of two components: a set of composition functions that combine string tuples, and a set of rewrite rules. The composition functions all have the form f(\langle x_1, ..., x_m \rangle, \langle y_1, ..., y_n \rangle, ...) = \gamma, where \gamma is either a single string tuple, or some use of a (potentially different) composition function which reduces to a string tuple. Rewrite rules look like X \to f(Y, Z, ...), where Y, Z, ... are string tuples or non-terminal symbols.
The rewrite semantics of GCFGs is fairly straight forward. An occurrence of a non-terminal symbol is rewritten using rewrite rules as in a context-free grammar, eventually yielding just compositions (composition functions applied to string tuples or other compositions). The composition functions are then applied, successively reducing the tuples to a single tuple.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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